Health-related quality of life and financial inclusion in Ghana's Savannah region: examining the moderating role of health literacy

Objectives: Although financial inclusion in promoting health and well-being is well acknowledged, empirical evidence supporting its link with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still evolving, with the moderating role of health literacy often overlooked. Therefore, this study offers empirical evidence on the moderating role of health literacy in the link between financial inclusion and HRQoL. Methods: Data were collected from August to October 2024 through a survey administered to residents aged 18 years and above in Ghana's Savannah region. HRQoL was assessed using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and health literacy using the All-Aspects Health Literacy Scale. A tailored financial inclusion index was developed and refined through factor analysis. Results: < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings underscore a significant association between financial inclusion and HRQoL, with health literacy strengthening this connection. The study advocates deepening financial inclusion in Ghana's rural areas by improving access to and use of high-quality financial products. More importantly, the study suggests a synergistic policy approach that integrates health literacy into financial inclusion programs.