Leukocyte-rich versus leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma for Osteoarthritis: A systematic review

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is an increasingly prevalent condition with limited conservative treatments. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained attention, but its efficacy may depend on the type used. In particular, leukocyte-rich (LR-PRP) and leukocyte-poor (LP-PRP) formulations may influence outcomes, yet direct comparisons are limited. Methodology: a systematic literature search and analysis of clinical trials, through PubMed database, were conducted to evaluate the effect of leukocyte - rich and leukocyte - poor platelet rich plasma in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Results: studies, to examine the effect of leukocytes in PRP. Conclusion: This review highlights that current evidence is insufficient to determine whether adding leukocytes to PRP provides a clinical benefit in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Overall, results generally show no significant differences between LR-PRP and LP-PRP, suggesting that both may be effective. Although leukocytes were initially thought to induce inflammation, there is no conclusive evidence that local reactions are directly caused by them. Given the limitations of existing studies, further research is required to clarify the role of leukocytes in PRP therapy.