Grid-integrated solar PV converter operation using data-driven hybrid control approach

• The EMD-SOGI (Hybrid)-based control strategy is proposed for fundamental source current estimation. • Multifunctional H-bridge converter effectively provides grid-supported ancillary services. • A Lyapunov controller regulates the DC link voltage. • A model predictive controller is used to determine the optimal switching signals for associated power electronic converters. • The source current total harmonic distortion is enhanced under dynamic operation conditions, thereby satisfying the IEEE 1547-2018 standards. This paper analyzed a data-driven hybrid approach to control the multifunctional H-bridge converter (MFHC) in grid-integration operation. It explores the control approach for both grid-supplying and grid-injecting modes. In addition to harmonic compensation, the MFHC supplies solar power to the utility grid at a unity power factor. This framework requires a simple, flexible, and effective control approach. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a technique that decomposes a distorted nonlinear signal into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), including noise and signal components. However, the mode mixing problem has hampered the effective implementation of EMD. To extract the essential fundamental active component from the distorted load current, a second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) is introduced in this context. The applications of SOGI are limited by the fact that its performance is effective in mitigating lower-order harmonics but ineffective in mitigating higher-order harmonics. Thus, this study examines the effectiveness of a hybrid control approach based on EMD and SOGI. Furthermore, a model predictive control approach is designed to generate optimal switching of the associated converters within the system. The analysis of results is tested under both sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal voltage conditions at the point of common coupling. The proposed hybrid control approach is evaluated using a MATLAB/Simulink platform, with a focus on variations in source and DC load under both grid-supplying and grid-injecting operational modes. The OPALRT-OP4512 test bench provides support for real-time validation. The findings indicate that the proposed EMD-based SOGI-controlled MFHC enhances multifunctional services and reduces total harmonic distortion, thereby meeting the requirements of the IEEE 1547-2018 standard.