Implementation and intelligent path exploration of multimodal large model architecture for open-pit coal mine production

Open-pit coal mines, as a major coal resource in China, have long played a crucial role in ensuring national energy security and supporting economic development. However, with the depletion of resources, increasingly complex mining conditions, and stricter environmental regulations, the sector faces growing challenges in achieving safe, sustainable, and efficient production. Traditional mathematical, physical, and empirical models are increasingly insufficient to address these complexities, highlighting the urgent need for new theoretical frameworks and technical approaches. Since 2022, generative large language model technologies, particularly large language models, have become a central focus in artificial intelligence research, demonstrating strong potential across a wide range of industrial applications. Within this context, exploring the integration of large language model technology with open-pit mining theory to support intelligent and sustainable development has become a critical demand. This paper first reviews the development trajectories of artificial intelligence and open-pit mining, emphasizing their convergence in technological evolution. It then examines the restructuring of production organization in open-pit coal mining, highlighting the shift from empirical decision-making to knowledge-driven and data-driven paradigms, with a particular focus on the role of large language models in transforming production processes. From the dual perspectives of data and models, this study proposes a next-generation multimodal large model architecture for open-pit coal mine production systems. The architecture consists of five interrelated layers: equipment perception, data management, model selection, cloud control services, and system integration. Finally, the paper discusses the future evolution of this architecture into an intelligent agent system capable of autonomous learning and decision-making, offering advanced and automated solutions for the development of smart open-pit coal mines.