Impact of pressure on the transmission performance of underwater wireless power transfer systems

This paper systematically investigates the effects of pressure on the performance of underwater wireless power transfer (WPT) systems by modeling the changes in coupler parameters and their impact on system power and efficiency. A comprehensive theoretical framework is developed to establish quantitative relationships between pressure variations and the coupler’s relative permeability, self-inductance, and mutual inductance, as well as system performance metrics. To ensure precision, four key shape factors are introduced, and an interior-point optimization-based fitting method is proposed for parameter determination. The results indicate that with every doubling of pressure, the mutual inductance and self-inductance of the coupler decrease by approximately 0.76% and 0.43%, respectively, while system power increases by 1.6% and efficiency exhibits a marginal decrease of 0.02%. The developed model demonstrates high reliability and precision, achieving coupler parameter errors below 1% and efficiency errors under 7%, thereby providing a solid basis for the evaluation and optimization of underwater WPT systems under varying pressure conditions.