Master-slave control schemes for microgrids: A critical review

The centralized controller of the microgrid coordinates the power inverters of the diverse power-source units. A master-slave control scheme is one of the best methods for centralized coordination of different power-source inverters in a microgrid at a common coupling point. Thus, a survey of the master-slave control strategy for the effective operation of a microgrid is conducted. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the microgrid concept, types, deployment, benefits, and control levels to establish the development of smart-slave control methods. The master-slave control strategies are then evaluated based on the contributions of the controller units and their implementation philosophies. Four principal master-slave control approaches have been identified to address the diverse operating modes of a microgrid. These strategies include communication among master-slaves, optimal master-slaves, and selection of the master unit and the slave control unit. Some unspecified or less commonly used methods are also explored. A future perspective on the master-slave control strategy in the smart grid environment is also provided. This study provides a suitable platform for developing master-slave control in an intelligent microgrid environment.