Performance and emission optimization of second-generation anise oil biodiesel enriched with TiO₂ nanoparticles: an experimental case study
Abstract
The anise plant (Pimpinella anisum) is a promising biodiesel feedstock due to its 10–30% oil content and favorable fatty acid profile. This study is the one of the first attempts to produce biodiesel from anise oil and evaluate TiO₂ nanoparticles as additives. Tests were conducted on a direct injection, four-stroke, air-cooled, single-cylinder diesel engine. The optimized blend, BDAN30, was mixed with TiO₂ nanoparticles at 25–100 ppm. Among these, BDAN30-75ppm demonstrated the best performance, increasing BTE by 4.69%, BSFC by 5.91%, and CO 2 by 17.18% compared to diesel fuel, while reducing CO by 40.14%, HC by 29.03%, NO x by 15.95%, and smoke by 24.30%. Overall, BDAN30-75ppm provided the best balance between performance and emissions.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Biodiesel Production and Applications
Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- South African Journal of Chemical Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Volume
- 56
- Pages
- 100849–100849
- Publication date
- 12 February 2026
- Language
- EN