Assessing the influence of smart grids policy and regulatory framework on electricity revenue generation: The case of South Africa

ABSTRACT As the world transitions toward a low-carbon economy using digital technologies. Smart grid technologies have been deployed in countries around the world by integrating renewable energy, digital monitoring, and intelligent control systems in a bid to meet the net-zero carbon emission goal while enhancing operational efficiency and revenue collection. This study gives a comprehensive review of the strides made by the South Africa energy sector towards the realization of a smart energy sector. It further investigates the influence of smart grid (SG) policies and regulatory frameworks on electricity revenue generation in South Africa. The research identified Strategic National Smart Grid Vision (2024) and the South African Smart Grids Initiative (SASGI) as central programs by the South African National Energy Development Institute which drives this smart grid transformation. Key research findings reveal that policy alignment and regulatory reforms have improved billing accuracy, reduced non-technical losses, and increased municipal revenues through smart metering and advanced monitoring systems. However, challenges persist in investment, infrastructure modernization, and consumer participation. The study concludes that a robust, well-coordinated regulatory environment and sustained investment are essential to achieving South Africa’s 2030 smart grid targets and fostering a resilient, intelligent energy future.