Power to the Tregs in transplantation tolerance in LATAM: From the basics to the bedside

T regulatory cells (Tregs) come in different flavors, but they all share suppressive function and the role in the generation and maintenance of immune tolerance. Due to this essential activity, Tregs are targets for immunotherapy: Tregs promotion is wanted in pathological conditions such as autoimmunity, allergies and transplantation, whereas their elimination is the main goal in the context of cancer. Transplantation is the only treatment available when organ failure is detected but unfortunately transplant rejection has not been fully achieved regardless of all efforts made, such as the identification and use of new immunosuppressant drugs and biological therapies. During the last two decades, Tregs have become a cellular source for therapy to control primarily Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) -in the case of cellular transplantation- and rejection of solid allografts as in liver and kidney transplants. Like in other biomedical disciplines, many advances applying immunological technologies only reach the patients if developed in the north hemisphere, and transplantation is not an exception. Here, we present the contribution of Latin America (LATAM), regarding solid organ transplantation from basic and clinical immunology research, focusing on Tregs as the main topic of study.