Trend analysis of climatic variables using statistical approach in Awash River basin (ARB), Ethiopia

In the Awash basin, population and economic output are already severely impacted by climate unpredictability. Reducing natural hazards, droughts, and food insecurity requires an assessment and comprehension of previous climate changes. Temperature and precipitation trend analysis is essential for researching the effects of climate change and developing mitigation strategies. Supplementary precipitation and earth skin temperature is also obtained from NASA website in CSV format. Non-parametric statistical trend analysis is significant to mitigate climate change impacts. Hence, the main objective of this study is to analyze trends of temperature and precipitation to stipulate the trends of climate change of the entire Awash River basin. The results show that during the past forty years, annual rainfall has significantly decreased while temperature has slightly increased. Concisely, the finding indicates the rising impacts of climate change within study area. While temperatures continue to rise throughout the year, particularly in autumn and spring, precipitation is declining, mostly in the spring. Such approach enhanced our understanding of climate change temporal patterns as well provide significant mitigation measures, such as afforestation, sustainable land management and early warning climate systems to combat impacts of climate variability in the basin.