Revitalizing Indonesian marine governance: The need for legal reform

An effective legal framework is crucial for sustainable marine governance. However, misalignment between legal provisions and practical needs can hinder effective management. This paper examines Indonesia’s Regional Government Law, highlighting its shortcomings in addressing community demands for managing coastal and marine resources, which have led to governance disruptions. By analyzing both international and national legal frameworks, this study explores the challenges and responses to marine governance issues. Using a case study approach, the study focuses on West Sumatra and Southwest Papua – regions that illustrate governance challenges in Indonesia’s western and eastern territories. The findings reveal key weaknesses, such as unclear authority transitions and enforcement gaps, underscoring the need for institutional reform. This study proposes actionable solutions, including revisions to Regional Government Law No. 23 of 2014, to enhance marine governance and support sustainable resource management. These insights can guide policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in aligning legal frameworks with on-the-ground realities to strengthen Indonesia’s marine conservation efforts.