Key factors influencing the characteristics of carbon sinks in typical forest vegetation types in China

• 1.We monitored carbon fluxes of four typical forest ecosystems across China (tropical rainforest, subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest, temperate deciduous broadleaf forest, artificial plantation) via eddy covariance towers during 2011-2021, quantifying their net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (Reco) and gross primary productivity (GPP) with clear spatial differentiation. • 2.Forest carbon sequestration capacity in China shows a distinct latitudinal gradient, decreasing with rising latitude; the Xishuangbanna tropical rainforest has the strongest capacity, while the Hebei Yanshan artificial plantation has the lowest • 3.Air temperature and solar radiation (net radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, total radiation) are the dominant drivers of forest carbon fluxes nationwide, with Ta and Rn explaining over 65% of GPP variation; Reco is only positively correlated with air temperature and total radiation (p