Capturing solid pollutants transported from small heat sources using cyclones

The article deals with the issue of air pollution by pollutants from small heat sources transported into the air with a negative impact on human health and the environment. It lists the main substances released into the air and points out the health and environmental risks of substances originating from road transport and heating. The main properties of solid pollutants are listed, which most influence the choice of a specific type of separation device. Attention is focused on the influence of geometric factors of cyclones on increasing their efficiency. The most common types of cyclones are illustrated and a comparison of a small and large cyclone is presented, specifically the influence of the vortex finder diameter on the fractional separation efficiency at different gas flow rates. Innovative solutions for the geometry of the inlet, outlet, cyclone body, and dust collector contribute to maximizing the efficiency of solid particle collection and minimizing pressure loss. Due to its advantages, a cyclone separator appears to be the most acceptable choice for households heated by a solid fuel heat source. Part of further research is the search for an optimal solution for a small heat source, by applying a cyclone, taking into account its relevant geometric dimensions, and supplementing the solution with an electrostatic precipitator to maximize the separation efficiency.