Heterogeneity in allergen-specific CD4+ T cell responses and distinct gut microbial composition define pediatric cow milk allergy endotypes

World Allergy Organization Journal 2026 Open access

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Authors: Tracy Augustine, A. Doudin, S. Murugesan, T. Khan, F. Badri, M. Espino Guarch, M. Ameen Al-Aghbar, Rana El Nahas, Anthony Kwaku Akobeng, S. Al Khodor, M. Adeli, Nicholas van Panhuys
DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101257
Cited by: 0
References: 2

Abstract

Pediatric cow milk allergy (CMA) is a highly prevalent food allergy which manifests as IgE or Non-IgE mediated type. However, the underlying CD4+ T cell immune responses associated, particularly with non-IgE mediated CMA remain poorly characterized. As gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in the modulation of CD4+ T cell immune responses in allergy, this study aimed to characterize allergen-specific immune responses mediated by conventional (Tcon) and regulatory (Treg) CD4+ T cell subsets and to investigate the influence of the gut microbiota on these immune responses in pediatric CMA.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research T-cell and B-cell Immunology Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Publication details

Journal / source
World Allergy Organization Journal
Volume
19
Issue
2
Pages
101257–101257
Publication date
1 February 2026
Language
EN