The Constitutionalised Image of Enemy in the Hungarian Fundamental Law

The Hungarian political system after the regime change has become extremely polarised and deep political fault lines have developed between the domestic political communities. It has been investigated in this chapter how hatred and the resulting violence (verbal and non-verbal) and its post-2010 constitutional representation have become one of the main structuring factors of the domestic political and social space in such a way that asymmetric counter concepts have become dominant in the identification war between opposing political sides: this means that almost all possibilities for dialogue between opposing positions have been lost, because the definition and domination of the identity of the other has become the main aspect. This paper argues that similar processes of attribution and identification have been taking place in the refugee crisis since 2015, and this time the hatred has been directed towards the ‘political other’, only to return to the domestic political scene and further deepen the dichotomies that have become familiar since the regime change. The post-2010 constitution-making process elevated this hostility to the level of the Fundamental Law and created a system of Constitutionalised Image of Enemy (CIE), the analysis of CIE is the main undertaking of this chapter.