Food Diversity and Aging Well in a Multicultural City: A Case Study of Japanese Canadian ( Nikkei ) Seniors and Community Congregate Dining

Abstract This case study documents the characteristics of a Community Congregate Dining (CCD) for Japanese Canadian ( Nikkei ) seniors aged 65+ in the Greater Toronto Area and explores participants’ and providers’ experiences. Data were collected through (a) observations of six CCD sites; (b) qualitative interviews with 45 CCD program participants, 1 family member, 15 program providers and volunteers; and (c) analysis of policy and administrative documents about the CCD programs. Our thematic analysis identified social benefits, educational benefits, and the importance of Japanese meals and entertainment that together created a unique atmosphere of ‘Japanese-ness’ at the CCD. While the CCD fosters a sense of belonging and supports healthy aging among Nikkei seniors, the program’s success depends on managing diverse linguistic needs, maintaining opportunities for meaningful interaction, and ensuring transportation access. The findings highlight broader lessons for designing inclusive and culturally responsive social services for increasingly diverse Canadian older adults.