Improving support for family caregivers: A mixed-methods effect evaluation of an organizational intervention

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of a tailored organizational intervention on the support for family caregivers. METHODS: A convergent mixed-methods study was conducted in 17 organizations (6 hospices, 5 home care organizations, 3 nursing homes, 2 hospitals, 1 transmural organization) between November 2021 and August 2023. The intervention comprised a structured practice improvement trajectory during which each organization conducted a structured workshop to define organization-specific goals to improve their support for family caregivers and to develop an action plan to achieve those goals. The action plan was implemented over 1 year with intermittent evaluations. Pre- and post-intervention surveys were distributed among healthcare professionals (paired) and bereaved family caregivers (non-paired) to assess provided and received support. Data were analyzed with mixed models and regression analyses. Post-intervention focus groups with project team members and final evaluation reports were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Survey respondents were 97 healthcare professionals (83% nursing staff), 123 family caregivers pre-intervention, and 99 family caregivers post-intervention. Only healthcare professionals of home care organizations reported a significant increase in attending to family caregivers' wellbeing and needs (scale 0-20; β = 3.65; 95%CI: 1.33-5.97). Family caregivers' reports of healthcare professionals attending to their wellbeing and needs did not change (scale 0-2; β = 0.17; 95%CI: -0.04-0.38). Across settings, healthcare professionals evaluated the care they provided more positively post-intervention (scale 0-8; β = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.38-0.97). In home care, family caregivers also evaluated care more positively (scale 0-8; β = 2.12; 95%CI: 0.89-3.34). Four focus groups and 17 evaluation reports indicated improvements at 3 levels: the support for family caregivers (increased awareness of healthcare professionals, changes in work processes, more structured support), the healthcare team (more skills, confidence, available tools), and the organization (fostering sustainability). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: A tailored organizational intervention can strengthen the support of family caregivers in healthcare organizations.