Pressure-Modulated Phase-Change Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices

As an extreme field environment, pressure effectively regulates the lattice structures, electron correlations, and coupled order parameters of phase-change materials (PCMs), thus inducing abundant structural, electronic, topological, and dynamic phase transitions. These pressure-induced ground (off-) or excited (on-) states enable PCMs to generate diverse magnetoelectric responses. This review systematically summarizes the underlying mechanisms behind these phase transitions in PCMs under pressure, as well as the resulting cross-scale magnetoelectric responses. These responses can be manipulated by leveraging these phase transitions via multigrade empowered deconstruction, multidimension coupled characterization, multiphysics integrated collaboration, and multivariate combined competition. Moreover, the review discusses major challenges while offering distinct opportunities in translating a fundamental mechanism into a practical application. Finally, we propose a paradigm supported by theoretical prediction, experimental characterization, and computational simulation for the design of magnetoelectric responses, thereby paving the way for next-generation phase-change magnetoelectric devices modulated by pressure.