Real-Time Control of Redox Dynamics in Stormwater Biofilters Enhances Organic Chemical Removal
Abstract
Real-time control (RTC) strategies in stormwater biofilters can enhance the removal of trace-level organic chemicals (TrOCs), yet performance depends on compound properties and rainfall conditions. This study investigated system dynamics, soil moisture, and redox potential (oxidation–reduction potential, ORP) in RTC and conventional biofilters ( Non-RTC ) under different antecedent dry weather periods (ADWP) to clarify mechanisms influencing TrOC removal. Mesocosm-scale vegetated columns operated for 1 year were sampled over 8 months under Non-RTC and three RTC configurations, with embedded sensors continuously monitoring moisture and the ORP in the unsubmerged and submerged zones. RTC-induced system operations significantly altered moisture and ORP conditions within the biofilters ( p -value
Fields of Study & Subjects
Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
Water Treatment and Disinfection
Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 4072–4084
- Publication date
- 28 January 2026
- Language
- EN