Influence of Carbon Dioxide and pH on Influenza Virus in Sessile Saliva Droplets

Environmental Science & Technology 2026 Open access

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Authors: Alexandra K. Longest, Sonali Srivastava, Frank A. Mazzola, Rania E. Smeltz, Jeffrey L. Parks, Liviana K. Klein, Nisha K. Duggal, Peter J. Vikesland, Linsey C. Marr
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c12672
Cited by: 1
References: 52

Abstract

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Upon exhalation, virus-laden respiratory droplets experience rapid changes in environmental conditions that lead to chemical and physical alterations that can affect virus infectivity. By manipulating the concentration of gaseous carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) surrounding sessile saliva droplets, we altered their chemistry and then assessed the impacts of these changes on the infectivity of influenza A virus at relative humidities of 30, 50, and 80%. For virus exposed to low CO 2 (

Fields of Study & Subjects

Infection Control and Ventilation Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery Dental Research and COVID-19

Publication details

Journal / source
Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Volume
60
Issue
9
Pages
7274–7282
Publication date
26 February 2026
Language
EN