Lattice-Modulated Bi 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 2 Enabling Precise Intermediate Adsorption Tuning for H 2 O 2 Electrosynthesis

The electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) through the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e – ORR) is a sustainable and practical approach that enables efficient on-site generation and represents an extremely promising strategy for environmentally friendly production. Herein, we synthesized a Bidoped CeO 2 (Bi 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 2 ) catalyst via a one-step hydrothermal in situ self-assembly method. Both synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and theoretical calculation analysis demonstrate that Bi doping induces lattice expansion in CeO 2 and generates Ce/Bi dual active sites. Notably, Bi incorporation significantly enhances O 2 adsorption at Ce sites while weakening *OOH adsorption at Bi sites, thereby synergistically promoting the 2e – ORR process. As expected, Bi 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 2 has attractive 2e – ORR activity with 93.7% H 2 O 2 selectivity, a H 2 O 2 yield of 656 mmol g cat –1 h –1, and good stability for 21 h. Additionally, its bleaching performance confirms practical applicability. This present study offers valuable insights into the rational development of high-efficiency rare-earth oxide catalysts for H 2 O 2 production.