Design of High-Efficiency Composite Sound-Absorbing Fabric via Hollow Fiber Membrane Weaving Technology

With the advancement of industry and technology, noise pollution has emerged as a significant environmental hazard, necessitating the development of novel and highly efficient sound-absorbing materials. This study addresses this gap by creating and optimizing a composite sound-absorbing fabric based on the integration of hollow fiber membrane technology with traditional textile manufacturing. The research systematically develops a woven fabric from braid-reinforced (BR) chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) hollow fiber membranes (HFMs), designed to function via a porous-resonant structural mechanism. Initially, the preparation conditions of the coating layer, including the CPVC concentration, PEG molecular weight, PEG concentration, and coagulation bath temperature, were optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM). Subsequently, the influence of drafting speed during the dry-wet spinning process and the effect of five distinct weave structures (plain, 1/3 twill, 2/3 twill, 5/2 satin, and 8/3 satin) on the acoustic properties of the woven fabric were investigated. These structures were selected to systematically modulate the fabric's surface roughness and internal porosity. The results demonstrate that the woven hollow fiber membrane fabrics exhibit the characteristic absorption behavior of a composite sound absorption material. Optimal performance was achieved with a drafting speed of 20 Hz and a 2/2 twill weave structure. Under these conditions, the fabric yielded a remarkable maximum sound absorption coefficient of 0.940, an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.294, and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 1754.67 Hz. This work presents a pioneering approach by successfully combining hollow fiber membrane fabrication with textile weaving, providing a systematic framework for designing and fabricating high-performance, structurally integrated sound-absorbing materials.