Highly Doped Tm 3+ Nanoparticles with Efficient 1632 nm Emission Enable High-Fidelity Multiplexing In Vivo Bioimaging
Abstract
Optical imaging serves as a powerful tool for real-time visualization of biological processes, yet high-fidelity multiplexed and quantitative imaging in deep tissue remains challenging. In the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–2000 nm) window, especially the long-wavelength subregion (NIR-II-L, 1500–1900 nm) with minimized photon scattering and an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, multiplexed luminescence probes are highly desirable for dynamic imaging and quantitative sensing. Herein, we report the first dual-excitation (690 and 785 nm) ratiometric Tm 3+ nanoparticles (TmNPs) with enhanced emission at 1632 nm via Yb 3+ doping. This design enables robust ratiometric quantification with minimal coefficients of variation (
Fields of Study & Subjects
Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Nano Letters
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3171–3180
- Publication date
- 2 March 2026
- Language
- EN