Entropy Engineering-Driven Solid Solution of Metal Carbide Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

The incorporation of immiscible elements into a solid-solution ultrafine nanoparticle provides extensive possibilities in pursuing extraordinary properties, yet remains a significant challenge, especially in conductive compounds with strong chemical bonds. Herein, we propose a strategy of high-entropy engineering and lattice distortion to allow the atomic mixing of multiple dissimilar elements in a solid-solution transition metal carbide lattice. Taking a tungsten carbide (WC) as a prototypical example, immiscible Ta, Cr, Mn, and V atoms evenly distributed in the lattice of WC to form high-entropy carbides (HECs), which show superior catalytic activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction owing to the collaboration of different sites with optimized hydroxide and hydrogen binding strength. This work opens new opportunities for the rational design of multicomponent compound nanoparticles in an ever-growing energy conversion technology.