A Curvature-Modulated Strategy for Single-Atom Catalysts toward Reciprocal Regulation in Li–S Batteries

Single-atom catalysts have demonstrated great potential in addressing dual-electrode challenges in Li–S batteries, while the role of substrate curvature remains elusive. Herein, we report the regulation of electronic properties of Co single-atomic catalysts by modulating the curvature of carbon nanotube supports, thereby accomplishing distinct yet complementary optimization in both the cathode and anode. At the cathode, the curved single-atom catalyst manages to enhance polysulfide capture and accelerate sulfur redox kinetics; over the Li anode, it promotes uniform Li deposition by facilitating Li + transport and regulating nucleation behavior. Consequently, reciprocal optimization of both electrodes enables the Li–S full cell to deliver a discharge capacity of 1122.2 mAh g –1 at 0.2 C. This work reveals distinct roles of curvature-modulated single-atomic mediators at the S cathode and Li anode, offering insights into the development of Li–S batteries.