Electron Donor–Acceptor Complex-Driven Minisci Reactions of N-Heteroaromatic and Inert C(sp 3 )–H without Brønsted Acids and External Oxidants

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Authors: Meiqiang Li, Junfeng Yang, Kaikai Qiao, Fei Li, Lei Shi
Cited by: 3
References: 43

Abstract

We report a direct Minisci-type reaction of N -heteroaromatics via electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex photochemistry. This method employs sulfonium salts as versatile electron acceptors to facilitate Minisci Reactions with unactivated C(sp 3 )–H bonds (ethers, alkanes, amides) and N–H (amides), P–H (phosphites), and Si–H partners, eliminating the need for prefunctionalized radical precursors, photocatalysts, stoichiometric external oxidants, and Brønsted acids. The aryl radical generated in situ acts as a hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) agent, abstracting a hydrogen atom from the inert substrate to generate nucleophilic radicals that couple with the N-heteroaromatic. This approach demonstrates broad substrate scope, accommodating diverse N-heteroaromatics (phenanthridines, isoquinolines, quinolines, acridines, benzothiazoles, etc., including acid-sensitive and bioactive molecules such as N-acetyl fasudil) and various inert partners, achieving good to excellent yields.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Radical Photochemical Reactions Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods Click Chemistry and Applications

Publication details

Journal / source
Organic Letters
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Volume
28
Issue
2
Pages
831–836
Publication date
2 January 2026
Language
EN