Integrated Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Bioinspired Lotus-Leaf Microstructures

Flexible pressure sensors hold significant application value in fields such as healthcare monitoring and human−machine interaction. However, conventional flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors fundamentally face two critical challenges: (i) the inherent trade-off between high sensitivity and a wide detection range and (ii) structural instability caused by matrix collapse under sequence compression. To address these limitations, we develop an integrated hybrid piezoresistive pressure sensor using Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as active materials. Inspired by the bioinspired lotus leaf structure, the sensor combines a microdome structure with a modified porous architecture, forming an integrated hierarchical microstructure. A synergistic, multiple response is activated under applied pressure: the microdome/electrode contact area expands, quantum tunneling through the compressed network is dramatically enhanced, and the MXene/MWCNT conductive framework undergoes coordinated collapse, collectively amplifying the overall electrical response. As a result, this integrated sensor achieves a high sensitivity (−7.94 kPa −1 ), a wide detection effective range (0−200 kPa), and a rapid response time (56 ms). Furthermore, the integrated bioinspired structure design ensures superior signal stability with a long duration (6000 cycles under 6 kPa pressure), enabling outstanding overall performance. The advanced pressure sensor, with multifunctional capabilities spanning human motion detection, posture correction, cycling analytics, and data transmission, represents a compelling enabler for next-generation wearables and offers strong commercial potential.