An Ammonium-Amino-Functionalized N-Annulated Perylene Diimide as a High-Performance Interlayer for Organic Photovoltaics

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2026

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Authors: Michael J. Grant, Eswaran Jayaraman, Colton Atkinson, Mina Al-Kaisi, Fathimath Faseela, Hsuan-Yu Wang, Claudia Wilfinger, Clement Cabanetos, Vida Turkovic, Morten Madsen, Gregory C. Welch
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c22369
Cited by: 2
References: 63

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a new N-annulated perylene diimide conjugated molecule bearing a unique ammonium-amino side chain (PDIN-A) is reported. The material is synthesized reproducibly by sequential S N 2 reactions, the simplicity of which enables high yields at scale, and exhibits amphiphilic behavior with high solubility in both polar and nonpolar solvents. Organic photovoltaic devices fabricated using PDIN-A as a cathode interlayer had a maximum power conversion efficiency of 16.17%. Critical is that all tested devices exhibited higher stability when compared to control devices using the now standard PDINN interlayer.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research

Publication details

Journal / source
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Volume
18
Issue
4
Pages
6952–6962
Publication date
23 January 2026
Language
EN