The Role of Conducting Polymers in Advancing Organoid Technology: A Perspective on Construction Assessment, Monitoring Devices, and Novel Bioregulation Strategies

Conducting polymers (CPs) exhibit unique optoelectronic and bioactive properties, enabling the precise monitoring and modulation of complex physiological processes within organoid systems. This review highlights recent advances in CP-enhanced organoid technology, focusing on their roles in evaluating organoid construction, constructing device platforms for physiological monitoring, and enabling novel bioregulation strategies. By enabling high-resolution, noninvasive visualization and precise physiological intervention, CPs provide an ideal platform for the real-time monitoring and regulation of organoid differentiation, functional analysis, and the development of disease treatment strategies. Furthermore, emerging approaches that couple rational molecular design of CPs with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are accelerating the development of organoid bidirectional interactive systems. These interdisciplinary innovations underscore the transformative potential of CPs to bridge the gap between organoid biology and precision bioengineering, paving the way for the development of clinical diagnostics and treatment tools.