Recyclable Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Chemistry Enables Sustainable All-Climate Full-Organic Batteries

Abstract Aqueous Zn-based batteries are promising for safe and low-cost energy storage but are limited by metal-anode-related issues, including corrosion, dendrite growth, and interfacial instability. Full-organic batteries eliminate metal components but still suffer from electrode dissolution, insufficient conductivity, and the absence of recycling strategies. Herein, we report a sustainable aqueous full-organic battery enabled by recyclable hydrogen-bonded supramolecular chemistry. Such a metal-free system integrates a hydrogen-bonded organic polymer (HOP) anode with a pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO) cathode confined within a porous carbon matrix. The dynamic hydrogen-bonding network of the HOP anode ensures structural robustness and enables reversible disassembly and reconstruction for closed-loop recycling, while the cathode architecture suppresses dissolution and facilitates efficient electron transport. As a result, the battery delivers high capacity, excellent rate capability (83 mAh g–1 at 30 A g–1), and ultralong cycling stability (70.6% capacity retention over 180,000 cycles at 10 A g–1). In addition, it operates reliably over a wide temperature range from –40 to 60 °C. Notably, the HOP electrode can be efficiently recovered and reused without structural degradation. This work establishes a viable strategy for integrating electrochemical performance with material recyclability, offering new insights into sustainable energy storage systems.