Loading Non‐Maxwellian Velocity Distributions in Particle Simulations

Abstract Numerical procedures for generating non‐Maxwellian velocity distributions in particle simulations are presented. First, Monte Carlo methods for the distribution that generalizes flattop and Kappa distributions are discussed. Then, two rejection methods for the regularized Kappa distribution are presented, followed by a comparison in the space. A simple recipe is proposed for the subtracted Kappa distribution. Properties and numerical recipes for the ring and shell distributions with a finite Gaussian width are discussed. The ring and shell Maxwellians are further introduced as alternatives to the ring and shell distributions. Finally, methods for the super‐Gaussian and the filled‐shell distributions are presented.