Lithospheric Rheology Controls the Spatial Distribution of Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

Abstract The mechanism controlling the temporal and spatial distribution of intraplate volcanic activity in Northeast China is still under debate. To explore the potential interplay between the spatial distribution of intraplate volcanic activity and the underlying lithospheric architecture, here we employ a multi‐observation probability density inversion method to constrain the thermal, lithological and rheological structure of the lithosphere in Northeast China. Our results reveal that the lithosphere is thinner in the eastern region (∼60 km) and thicker in the western region (∼140 km). The lower crust beneath the Orogenic Belt is primarily composed of felsic granulite, while the Songliao Block is dominated by mafic granulite. Furthermore, our results reveal that the lithosphere beneath volcanic regions is relatively thin (