Induced fit growth of Ga-based semiconductor thin films for brain-inspired electronics and optoelectronics

Abstract Current crystalline thin-film production techniques typically require specific growth substrates, posing significant challenges for their use in flexible electronics and integrated optoelectronics. In response to these challenges, we introduce a novel method called ‘induced fit growth’, inspired by the induced fit theory in molecular biology. This method overcomes the limitations of current techniques by enabling the deposition of Ga-based semiconductor films, including GaSb, GaSe, GaAs, and GaAsSb, with controllable thickness and morphology on arbitrary substrates. Utilizing a low-cost, wafer-scale vapor deposition process compatible with standard semiconductor procedures, these Ga-based films can be patterned for various functional applications. For example, the patterned Ga-based thin films exhibit broad applicability in p-channel transistor arrays (with hole mobility of 0.25 cm 2 V⁻ 1 s⁻ 1 ), functional synaptic devices, and flexible omnidirectional imaging sensors (maintaining functionality at incident angles as low as 5°). Overall, the proposed induced fit growth method facilitates the growth of Ga-based semiconductor films with greater integration flexibility, enhancing their advanced functionality and broad applicability.