Research on spatiotemporal risk assessment model of bird strike at airports and precise prevention and control strategies

To improve the spatiotemporal accuracy and targeted prevention of airport bird strike risk assessment, based on avian biological characteristics, activity patterns, and aircraft operational characteristics, the bird strike probability is refined into temporal probability and spatial probability. Combined with the severity index, a spatiotemporal risk assessment model for airport bird strikes is constructed. Application results at Yan'an Nanniwan Airport indicate that the spatiotemporal assessment model's risk assessment outcomes across different sections align more closely with actual bird strike occurrences, outperforming the traditional four-factor assessment method. The model effectively reveals bird strike risk characteristics across different sections, seasons, and time periods, and identifies key bird species and key prevention areas. Based on the research, precise prevention and control strategies differentiated by time periods and regions are proposed, which can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for airport to develop scientific prevention plans and reduce bird strike risk.