Techno economic integrated planning of solar integrated electric vehicle charging infrastructure in India using an AI enabled multi objective planning framework

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Authors: Rahul Wilson Kotla, Nimmakanti Anil, Jayavani Lagudu, T. Dinesh, Bolla Kavya
Cited by: 7
References: 26

Abstract

India's transition to electric mobility demands charging infrastructure that is cost-efficient, grid-compatible, and capable of integrating solar generation. Existing studies typically examine demand forecasting, PV utilisation, charging-topology behaviour, and economic viability in isolation, limiting their relevance for large-scale deployment. This work proposes a unified co-design framework that jointly optimises charging-station siting, charger sizing, PV allocation, and operational economics under India's tariff structure. Hourly EV demand is predicted using a hybrid forecasting model that combines Temporal Fusion Transformers with Graph Neural Networks to capture spatial and temporal variations. Solar-generation modelling, topology-based charger efficiencies, and distribution-grid constraints are incorporated into a techno-economic formulation. A multi-objective optimisation approach (NSGA-II) identifies configurations that minimise cost, reduce peak grid loading, and maximise solar utilisation. The framework is demonstrated using a representative mixed urban-highway region. Results show a 28-35% reduction in peak grid load, a 40-70% improvement in utilisation, and a 12-18% decrease in the levelised cost of charging compared with non-optimised deployments. The findings highlight the importance of integrated planning that aligns solar availability, demand behaviour, and tariff incentives. The proposed methodology offers a scalable decision-support tool for policymakers, utilities, and private developers planning future EV charging networks in India.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure Transportation and Mobility Innovations Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Publication details

Journal / source
Scientific Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
6393–6393
Publication date
27 January 2026
Language
EN