Perceived stress and its association with social support and social factors among lower-middle income mothers of young children in Tunisia

Maternal stress is a significant factor influencing the well-being of mothers and children, particularly in Tunisia, where it is often overlooked. This study evaluated perceived maternal stress among mothers of children under five and explored its connection to social factors and social support. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in Sousse from February to April 2024 among 200 mothers of young children, using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale. Results indicated severe stress in 14.5% and moderate stress in 73.5%, with 28% reporting inadequate social support. Good emotional support correlated with reduced stress (Estimate: -2.79; 95%CI [-5.37, -0.21]; p = 0.035), while larger household sizes (Estimate: 3.26; 95%CI [0.91, 5.62]; p = 0.007) and having two young children or more (Estimate: 1.71; 95%CI [0.03, 3.39]; p = 0.046) were linked to increased stress. The study highlights the need for nurses and midwives to identify and manage maternal stress through routine screening and integrated interventions within maternal and child health services.