A transdiagnostic model for how general purpose AI chatbots can perpetuate OCD and anxiety disorders
Abstract
Millions are turning to general-purpose AI chatbots for psychological support, potentially reinforcing symptoms such as intolerance of uncertainty, "need to know" compulsions, and perfectionism. Clinical observation and emerging research suggest chatbot features exacerbate transdiagnostic avoidance-a process integral to OCD and anxiety-perpetuating maladaptive cycles and hindering corrective learning. We propose a framework in which avoidance is reinforced through repeated chatbot interactions, and outline strategies for clinicians, users, developers, and policymakers to support healthier engagement.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Digital Mental Health Interventions
Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
AI in Service Interactions
Publication details
- Journal / source
- npj Digital Medicine
- Publisher
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Publication date
- 13 March 2026
- Language
- EN