Environmental impacts of intensive beef fattening: a case study in the Veneto region, Italy

Abstract Beef farming is associated with substantial environmental impacts, and the assessment of intensive fattening systems is increasingly critical, particularly in light of growing animal welfare concerns. This study evaluates the environmental impacts of specialized beef fattening farms in Italy at both the farm and regional population levels. Our results reveal a declining trend in the number of animals fattened within these systems, leading to a corresponding reduction in regional emissions from beef production. For the first time, we also quantify the environmental impacts linked to animal welfare outcomes. We find that animals raised on slatted floors, which are associated with higher mortality rates, contribute disproportionately to these welfare-related environmental impacts. These findings offer valuable insights for both farmers and policymakers, underscoring the importance of integrating environmental and animal welfare considerations in the development of future housing and management strategies.