The optimization of neuroprosthetic interfaces relying on biophysical and surrogate digital twins

npj Biomedical Innovations. 2026 Open access

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Authors: Claudio Verardo, Veronica Fossati, Laura Toni, Luca Pierantoni, Elena Losanno, Filippo Agnesi, Simone Romeni
DOI: 10.1038/s44385-026-00076-8
Cited by: 1
References: 291

Abstract

The electrical stimulation of the nervous system has shown great clinical potential in injury and pathology, yet experimentally driven practice makes it challenging to identify effective design choices and personalized stimulation protocols. This review outlines emerging model-based optimization frameworks that address these challenges by leveraging biophysical digital twins of neural interfaces. Enabling acceleration strategies and complementary data-driven approaches are also highlighted, along with key factors that currently limit clinical translation.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Neuroscience and Neural Engineering Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation Muscle activation and electromyography studies

Publication details

Journal / source
npj Biomedical Innovations.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
3
Issue
1
Publication date
14 April 2026
Language
EN