Time and architecture: the next two dimensions of microphysiological systems

npj Biomedical Innovations. 2026 Open access

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Authors: Rashmi Pandey, Jennifer Jiyoung Lee, Anahita Mojiri, John P. Cooke, Abhishek Jain
DOI: 10.1038/s44385-026-00077-7
Cited by: 5
References: 84

Abstract

Microphysiological models recapitulating complex vasculature have enabled in vitro evaluation of intricate cellular crosstalk and microenvironmental mechanical cues and stressors. Here, we present a comprehensive review of time and architecture as two under-explored facets required for physiological mimetic vascular models. We conclude with our perspective that incorporating longevity and architecture will improve complex vascular modeling and provide a platform to support chronic disease modeling, personalized medicine, drug testing, and tissue engineering.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Architecture and Computational Design Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies Origins and Evolution of Life

Publication details

Journal / source
npj Biomedical Innovations.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
22–22
Publication date
25 March 2026
Language
EN