Biomass-derived components to platform chemicals using heterogeneous redox catalysts: an overview

The conversion of biomass-derived components into value-added chemicals, fuel additives, and related products offers a sustainable and efficient pathway to mitigate dependence on non-renewable fossil resources. In recent years, this research domain has received increasing scientific attention, driven by the innovation and application of diverse heterogeneous catalytic systems. This review summarises recent progress in biomass-derived components, such as levulinic acid, furfural, cinnamyl alcohol, cresol, eugenol, and hydroxymethylfurfural, which are converted into value-added chemicals using cutting-edge catalytic advancements. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of heterogeneous catalysts, including framework materials, such as zeolites, mesoporous materials, mixed-metal oxides derived from hydrotalcites, and perovskites, as well as metal catalysts (Ni, Ru, Cu) on various supports, and on their catalytic functionalities and potential contributions toward a greener, circular economy.