Advances in the preparation, characterization and biological activities of food-borne selenium-enriched peptides

As a vital trace nutrient for the human body, selenium is essential for many physiological functions. However, the prevalence of selenium insufficiency and associated conditions (such as osteoarthritis and Keshan disease) is increasing as a result of dietary habits and environmental variables. Because of its high bioavailability, low toxicity, and variety of biological activities, organic selenium, represented by bioactive selenium peptides, displays notable benefits in the field of nutritional supplements when compared to inorganic selenium compounds. The creation of food-derived selenium-enriched peptides has become a crucial area of functional food research as nutritional intervention concepts have advanced. The biological activities, structural characterization techniques, and optimization strategies for producing selenium-enriched peptides from dietary sources are all thoroughly reviewed in this study. The goal is to offer a theoretical foundation and technological references for the development of functional meals based on selenium peptides by incorporating the results of current research.