Genetic modulation of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and health outcomes: a systematic review
Abstract
≈ 930 000), APOE ε4 carriage was associated with attenuated DHA responses to supplementation (≈20-31% lower) and markedly faster DHA turnover (≈77% shorter half-life), with significant interactions reported in 13 studies. Additional loci showed context-dependent effects, including lower type 2 diabetes odds among TCF7L2 TT carriers with high omega-3 intake (∼42% reduction) and substantially greater EPA uptake among FABP2 Thr54 carriers (up to ∼12-fold). Overall, genetic variation appears to shape omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA bioavailability and metabolism through mechanistically coherent pathways, providing a plausible explanation for inconsistent population-level intervention effects and supporting a shift toward genetically informed precision nutrition strategies for both PUFA families.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Fatty Acid Research and Health
Nutrition
Genetics
and Disease
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Food & Function
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2176–2191
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN