Precision health targeting TMAO in postmenopausal women: polyphenol effects modulated by urolithin A and equol metabotypes in a randomised, placebo-controlled crossover trial

Food & Function 2026 Open access

Read full text
Authors: María Paula Jarrín-Orozco, María García-Nicolás, Maria Romo-Vaquero Romo-Vaquero, Concepción Carrascosa, Jose Berna, Julio Puigcerver, Adrian Saura-Sanmartin, María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez, Juan Carlos Espín
DOI: 10.1039/d5fo05461c
Cited by: 5
References: 41

Abstract

baseline and placebo. The effects varied by metabotype. TMAO reduction was significant in urolithin A metabotype (UMA), equol producers (EP), and lunularin non-producers (LNP). Reductions and effect sizes were most pronounced in the metabotype clusters MC3 (UMA + EP + LP) and MC7 (UMA + EP + LNP), which represented 39% of participants. DMA decreased selectively in UMA. No correlations were found between TMAO or DMA changes and BMI, age at menopause onset, or years since menopause. These findings show that polyphenol supplementation reduces urinary TMAO in a metabotype-dependent manner and support metabotyping as a precision-health strategy to mitigate cardiometabolic risk after menopause.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits Phytoestrogen effects and research Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms

Publication details

Journal / source
Food & Function
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Volume
17
Issue
4
Pages
2037–2049
Publication date
1 January 2026
Language
EN