Synthesis of next-generation biofuel additive, γ-valerolactone, via hydrogenation of levulinic acid in the presence of formic acid over nickel-exchanged 12-tungstophosphoric acid supported on neutral Al 2 O 3 and its kinetics study
Abstract
Sustainable γ-valerolactone synthesis using a non-noble Ni catalyst and renewable, non-hazardous reactants achieves high selectivity, efficiency, and robust recyclability.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Green Chemistry
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4213–4224
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN