Eco-engineered bio-based palladium MOF–chitosan–carboxymethyl cellulose composite sponge: mechanistic insights, Box–Behnken optimization, and high-performance reusability for advanced ciprofloxacin removal from wastewater

RSC Advances 2026 Open access

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Authors: Naoufel Ben Hamadi, Ahlem Guesmi, Wesam Abd El-Fattah, Basmah H. Alshammari, Naflaa A. Aldawsari, Mohamed G. El-Desouky, Ashraf A. El-Bindary
DOI: 10.1039/d5ra08409a
Cited by: 5
References: 69

Abstract

. The proposed adsorption mechanism involves interactions such as hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and electrostatic forces. Furthermore, the PMCC demonstrated excellent reusability, retaining substantial adsorption capacity after five regeneration cycles. An optimization process utilizing the Box-Behnken design established the adsorbent's competency under ideal conditions. Overall, these results position the PMCC sponge as a practical, reusable, and eco-friendly solution for the elimination of antibiotics from polluted water sources.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications Covalent Organic Framework Applications Membrane Separation Technologies

Publication details

Journal / source
RSC Advances
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Volume
16
Issue
6
Pages
5013–5039
Publication date
1 January 2026
Language
EN