From pen to paper-based screening: an early-stage colorimetric µPAD with desktop-app readout for lead and nitrite
Abstract
-squared value of 0.95 and 0.96 for lead and nitrite ions, respectively. Colorimetric responses on the paper sensor were evaluated using samples collected from various water bodies and agricultural lands. The algorithm accurately predicted concentrations, achieving detection limits of 7 ppm for lead and 3 ppm for nitrite. The sensor's performance showed minimal influence from ambient temperature and humidity. Overall, a simple paper-based semi-quantitative approach for preliminary screening of common water pollutants at sites of highly contaminated water samples influenced by industrial activities could be demonstrated as a proof of concept.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
Publication details
- Journal / source
- RSC Advances
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 16264–16280
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN