eCyclopropanation – a safe and scalable electrochemical route to cyclopropanes

-butylhydrazones, directly coupled to Rh(ii)-catalysed cyclopropanation. In contrast to established approaches, the diazo intermediates in this platform are generated and consumed continuously, with no detectable accumulation at any stage of the process. This transient mode of operation fundamentally alters the safety profile of diazo chemistry, enabling electricity-driven oxidation under mild conditions without hazardous oxidants, isolated diazo compounds, or highly toxic additives. The use of a bench-stable mono-protected hydrazone precursor and a weakly nucleophilic electrolyte ensures efficient carbene transfer, delivering cyclopropanes in high yields across a broad range of hydrazones and olefins. The method readily translates to continuous flow, enabling gram-scale synthesis with good productivity. By preventing the accumulation of free diazo species in solution, this work removes a key barrier to the safe and scalable use of diazo chemistry and provides a general blueprint for modern carbene-transfer processes that are inherently safer, more sustainable, and industrially relevant.