Behind the scenes of sapphire: influence of titanium doping on bubble distribution and propagation in sapphire grown by micro-pulling-down
Abstract
Undoped and titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:Al 2 O 3 ) single-crystal rods were grown using the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) technique to investigate the effect of Ti incorporation on bubble defect formation.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- CrystEngComm
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 4645–4655
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN