Enhancing LIBS analysis of heavy metals in fly ash: a hybrid strategy integrating data augmentation with selective ensemble
Abstract
A hybrid strategy integrating SMOTE data augmentation, preprocessing, CARS feature selection, and WOA-based selective ensemble is proposed for LIBS quantitative analysis of heavy metals in fly ash.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
Coal and Its By-products
Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2646–2656
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN